{"id":10889,"date":"2021-02-12T16:49:08","date_gmt":"2021-02-12T15:49:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/texia2021.raneri.it\/?p=10889"},"modified":"2021-04-16T23:11:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T21:11:00","slug":"a-rocambolesque-strategy-to-combat-definitively-lichen-simplex-chronicus-in-black-skinned-people","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/a-rocambolesque-strategy-to-combat-definitively-lichen-simplex-chronicus-in-black-skinned-people\/","title":{"rendered":"[EXFO20 – LENIMAX] – A \u201crocambolesque\u201d strategy to combat definitively Lichen simplex chronicus in black skinned people."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Texia Research\u00b9, Lorenzo Martini\u00b2<\/span>
\n\u00b9Texia Research-Eu-TURIN, \u00b2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies University of Siena<\/small><\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

Abstract<\/h2><\/i><\/div>

Scope of our study is to treat Lichen simplex chronicus that is very evident in white people so that
\nall Researchers of the Occidental World focus their attention to this concern, forgetting to observe that the
\nsame Lichen simplex in dark skinned people is less evident, but more fastidious and is a real disease that
\nmust be treated using different remedies than those employed for Caucasians.
\nWe have alternated two natural cosmetics produced in Italy, the former acting as mild keratolytic and
\nantibacterial, the latter as alleviative and demulcent, so that at the end of the experimentations all black
\nspots disappear and no pinkish blur remains onto dark skin.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

I.Background<\/h2><\/i><\/div>

Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC) is not but the thickening of the skin with variable scaling that
\narises secondary to repetitive scratching or rubbing. Lichen simplex chronicus is not a primary
\nprocess. Rather, a person senses pruritus in a specific area of skin (with or without underlying
\npathology) and causes mechanical trauma to the point of lichenification.
\nA proposed variant of lichen simplex chronicus is\u00a0lichen amyloidosis. Lichen amyloidosis is
\ndescribed as lichen simplex chronicus in which the keratinocytes have necrosed and formed
\nkeratinocytic-derived amyloid in the dermis. The initial insult is pruritus with resultant amyloid
\nformation, rather than the reverse. (1)
\nLichen simplex chronicus is found on the skin in regions accessible to scratching. Pruritus provokes
\nrubbing that produces clinical lesions, but the underlying pathophysiology is unknown. Some skin
\ntypes are more prone to lichenification, such as skin that tends toward eczematous conditions (ie,
\natopic dermatitis, atopic diathesis). A relationship likely exists between central and peripheral
\nneural tissue and inflammatory cell products in the perception of itch and ensuing changes in lichen
\nsimplex chronicus.Sometimes LSC is defined a neurodermatiti tout court. Emotional tensions, such
\nas in patients with anxiety, depression, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, may play a key role in
\ninducing a pruritic sensation, leading to scratching that can become self-perpetuating. \u00a0 The possible
\ninterplay among primary lesions, psychic factors, and the intensity of pruritus additively influence
\nthe extent and severity of lichen simplex chronicus..
\nNotwithstanding manifold AA refer that no differences are reported in frequency among races,
\nalthough prior authors claimed lichen simplex chronicus was more common in Asians and African
\nAmericans. The appearance of lesions on darker skin sometimes shows follicular prominence.
\nSecondary pigmentary alterations are also more severe in individuals with darker skin.
\nLichen simplex chronicus is observed more commonly in females than in males. Lichen nuchae is a
\nform of lichen simplex that occurs on the midposterior neck and is observed almost exclusively in
\nwomen.
\nLichen simplex chronicus occurs mostly in mid-to-late adulthood, with highest prevalence in
\npersons aged 30-50 years.
\nGenerally Treatment is aimed at reducing itching and minimizing existing lesions because rubbing
\nand scratching exacerbate LSC. The itching and inflammation may be treated with a lotions<\/p>\n

or\u00a0steroid\u00a0cream (such as\u00a0\u00a0Betamethasone) applied to the affected area of the skin.Nighttime
\nscratching can be reduced with sedatives and antihistamines.
\nWhen Lichen simplex chronicus affests Latin Americans (especially mexicans or people form Costa
\nRica or Panama) and Asian dark-skinned females, attempts to treat this syndrom is very difficult, as
\nat the basis of the problem there is the complication of different melanization between Caucasian
\nand Asian or Black phenotypes.
\nGenerally reiterated applications of excimer-laser are suggested, even if relapses are too often
\ncommon (it is probably due to the different action of tyrosinase, responsible of transformation from
\nmonoquinones to polyquinones,idest eumelanins in black skinned people respect to Caucasians).
\nMany AA suggest the usage of Copper blockers to antagonize the enzyme in black people, but
\nCopper blockers are rightly considered perilous (they are commonly used to destroy little birds,
\nrodents, and fastidiuous insects), or massive use of topical applications of ascorbic acid (many
\nindigenous populations of Horn of Africa use to spread the juice of tropical fruits extremely rich in
\nvit. C, as Baobab fruits).
\nIn 50s of last century manifold were the patents disclaiming the usage of salts of mercury or
\nmercaptans, extremely dangerous for Man\u2019s Health and now all these products are banished at all.
\nBesides the component of the black spost, that is cosmetically inacceptable, there is always the
\nproblem of nocturnal itch, that compromises a good standard of life of the people who are affected
\nby this disease.
\nEven dermoabrasion is suggested by manifold aesthetical surgeons, but even this practice requires
\nreiterated applications, since lichen reappears periodically, especially at seasonal changes.
\nHydroquinone at high dosages (more than 2%) is now banished and it must be considered that on
\ndark skin, the black spots treated by hydroquinone will appear as vitiligo, and so, cosmetically
\nspeaking, it will represent a cruel jink for black skinned people.
\nEczemas and atopic dermatities in black skinned people are often evoked by Gram + bacteria and it
\nis recognized that silver citrate acts strongly against Gram+, Gram- (especially the skin bacterial
\nflora) and even against yeasts and moulds.(4)
\nJust in case of mycotic co-infestation, observable in the cases of eczemas and atopic dermatities in
\ndark skinned people, chloroxylenol (it is admitted only in percentage of 0.5%), is more than
\nsufficient to perform its spectacular action against fungi and dermatophytes. (4,5,6,7,8,9).
\nIn order to avoid the fastidious nocturnal itching, we have decided to insert in the complete
\ntreatment the complex menthyl-lactate and capsicum annuum fruit extract, that is recognised to
\nalleviate the sensation of severe pruritus, as it is apt to alternate the feeling of cold and hot on skin
\nnociceptors.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

II.Materials and methods.<\/h2><\/i><\/div>

The two volunteers we have invited to try our emulsions are:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
      \n
    1. Woman 49 y. old from Costa Rica (her black spots indicating the presence of lichen simplex chronicus dislocated onto neck and face, especially on cheekbones.<\/li>\n
    2. Her son, 22 y. old, male, who presents L.S.C. even on chest and groin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        We have prepared two emulsions to spread alternatively every 4 hours (idest 4 times during the 16 hours a normal person is awake and active) for 5 days consecutively.
        \nCream A had to be spread at 8.00 a.m. in the morning, cream B at 12 o\u2019clock, cream A again at 4.00 p.m and cream B finally at 8.00 p.m.
        \nWe have behold optimal results after only 5 days.
        \nThe first cream (that is \u201cA\u201d, to be applied on the morning and in the afternoon) contained:
        \nChlorhexidine Digluconate, Tridecyl Salicylate, Sodium Salicylate, Panthenol, Niacinamide, Silver citrate and chloroxylenol.
        \nThis first emulsion is useful to struggle bacterial and mycotic assaults and acts as a bland and keratolytic synergic complex, soft and delicate, that does not involve redness and irritation in the zones affected from lichen simplex.<\/p>\n

        The second emulsion ( the \u201cB\u201d) contained:
        \nUrea, carthamus tinctorius seed oil, allantoin, capsicum annuum fruit extract, tocopherol, biasbolol,menthyl lactate, ceramides and the main scope of the latter cream is to alleviate the feeling of intense itch and let the skin become smooth and soft, as it acts as demulcent. We have treated a zone of 3 square inches in the neck of the woman and another zone of 3 square inches in the inner thigh of her son.
        \nThe woman\u2019s zone presented 9 black spots, rugged and craggy. The boy\u2019ss zone presented 7 black spots, a bit more extensive than these of his mother.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

        III.Results<\/h2><\/i><\/div>

        In the following table is possible to notice the progressive disappearance of the spots (by number) day after day, both in the case of the mother (1) and in the case of the son (2).
        \nTable I: number of spots disappearing during the treatment with the two creams in 5 days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Case<\/th>\nNumber of spots at very first day<\/th>\nNumber of spots at 2nd day<\/th>\nNumber of spots at 3rd day<\/th>\nNumber of spots at 4th day<\/th>\nNumber of spots at 5th day<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        1<\/th>\n9<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        2<\/th>\n7<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div><\/div>

        IV.Discussions and conclusions<\/h2><\/i><\/div>

        It is important to reflect that lichen simplex cannot be treated by a simplest and strong abrasion or using drastic exfoliating agents, with no aids of emollients and hydration enhancers.<\/p>\n

        The alternance of a \u201cmedical\u201d campaign that wants to eradicate the bacterial flora, cause of the lichen, acting simultaneously as mild keratolytic and another strategy intending to struggle the itch and discomfort, has resulted a very special surprise.<\/p>\n

        It is very interesting the fact that the proofs have been made on black skinned people, where it is supposed that black spots can be confused with the same dark colour of the skin itself.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

        V.Aknowledgnments<\/h2><\/i><\/div>

        The corresponding Author is proud of the fact that the study has been realised thanks to two products of his firm.Products are called Exfo 20 and Lenimax.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

        VI.References<\/h2><\/i><\/div>
          \n
        1. Lotti T; Buggiani G, Prignano F;\u00a0Prurigo nodularis and lichen simplex chronicus.2008;\u00a0Dermatologic Therapy.\u00a021\u00a0(1): 42\u201346.<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. Lynch P J..\u00a0Lichen simplex chronicus (atopic\/neurodermatitis) of the anogenital region..\u00a0Dermatologic Therapy.2004.\u00a017\u00a0(1): 8\u201319.<\/span><\/li>\n
        3. SCCP\/1196\/08 O, Opinion on citric acid (and) silver citrate, 19th plenary of 21 January 2009<\/span><\/li>\n
        4. WHO Model Formulary 2008\u00a0(PDF). World Health Organization. 2009. p.\u00a0324.<\/span><\/li>\n
        5. Griffiths C, Barker J, Bleiker T, Chalmers R, Creamer D: Rook\u2019s Text of Dermatology, 9th Ed.2017.John Wiley & Sons. \u00a0128.38<\/span><\/li>\n
        6. Digison, MB;A review of anti-septic agents for pre-operative skin preparation.”.\u00a0Plastic surgical nursing\u00a0: official journal of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical Nurses.\u00a02007; 27\u00a0(4): 185\u20139<\/span><\/li>\n
        7. Mahon C R.; Donald L, Manuselis G,(2014).\u00a0Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology\u00a0(5 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014: p.\u00a067<\/span><\/li>\n
        8. Larson, E; Talbot, GH; An approach for selection of health care personnel handwashing agents.”.\u00a0Infection control\u00a0.1986: \u00a07\u00a0(8): 419\u201324.<\/span><\/li>\n
        9. “Chloroxylenol”.\u00a0International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved\u00a08 December\u00a02016.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Texia Research\u00b9, Lorenzo Martini\u00b2 \u00b9Texia Research-Eu-TURIN, \u00b2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies University of Siena AbstractScope of our study is to treat Lichen simplex chronicus that is very evident in white…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9788,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[202],"tags":[223,224],"aioseo_notices":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10889"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10889"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11143,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10889\/revisions\/11143"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.texia.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}